|
|
|
Subluxation |
What conditions can chiropractic help?
You probably are under the impression that chiropractic care can help with
back pain, headaches and neck pain. Well, you are right! However,
chiropractic can help with numerous other problems. What exactly are the
other problems chiropractic can help with, is a common question. We'd bet
you probably were unaware of research that supports chiropractic can also
improve the following (see references below):
Ulcers (1)
Athletic/sport performance (2)
Asthma (3-5)
Pulmonary function (6)
Immune function (7, 8)
Chronic pain (9)
Cost-effectiveness (10-13)
Crohn's disease (14)
Whiplash (15-17)
Injuries/Soft Tissue Disorders (18)
Workers compensation injuries (11, 19)
Colic (20)
Ear infections (otitis media) (21)
Vision (22-26)
These are only a few of the studies that relate to things other than what
people normally think of for chiropractic. Of course a lot of research has
been done in the areas of back pain (9, 10, 27-36), neck pain (37-41) and
headaches (41-44).
So is chiropractic a treatment of any one of the above disorders? No.
Chiropractic is not a specific treatment for any of these disorders. Why
not? Well, by looking at the above disorders we can readily see how
different many are from one another. So how can chiropractic help with so
many different things? Chiropractic is about improving the functioning of
the body. The basic principle is that every organ, tissue and cell in your
body is in communication with your brain/spinal cord. This communication is
achieved by means of your nervous system. If the communication is disrupted
somehow then your function will not be 100%. The nervous system is an
incredible collection of nerves, neurotransmitters (chemicals), support
cells, and the like that allows for information to be "processed" so that we
may function well. Your spine houses the spinal cord and from the spinal
cord come spinal nerves that exit between the bones (vertebrae) of your
spine. When spinal nerves become irritated or otherwise disrupted, your body
cannot function at peak efficiency.
Factors that predispose your nervous system to become interfered with
include but are not limited to injury, inflammation and swelling, restricted
movement, spinal degeneration (such as arthritis), disease, musculoskeletal
disorders (such as tight muscles), poor posture, poor diet, low levels of
physical activity and many more. The Doctor of Chiropractic examines your
spine for areas of improper function commonly referred to as vertebral
subluxation (or just subluxation). The subluxation involves vertebrae that
move improperly (usually because of "tight muscles") and interfere with
information processing. Usually subluxations are painful, but in many cases,
they are not. Only a chiropractor will be able to determine if you have
subluxations or not. If you do have subluxations, they can be improved by
means of chiropractic adjustments. Adjustments are achieved by your
chiropractor applying a specific force to your spine.
Now you should be able to understand how chiropractic can improve the many
disorders mentioned above and many more you can think of that are not on the
list. Here is a question for you to test your understanding. Can
chiropractic improve muscular strength and if so how? You should know the
answer by now. The answer is yes chiropractic can improve strength (ref) and
it does so by the same way that chiropractic improves anything. Chiropractic
uses the spinal adjustment to influence the biomechanics of your spine and
allow better function to result. In many cases, various disorders can be
traced back to the spine, particularly where these nerves enter/exit the
spine. This is one of the reasons why chiropractic can help with such
seemingly diverse problems.
For instance your neck or cervical spine contains nerves that supply: the
head and face, neck muscles, glands such as lymph and thyroid, the bones,
joints and muscles of the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, hand and fingers.
Your mid-back or thoracic spine contains the nerves that supply: the arms,
wrist, fingers, digestive organs, pancreas, spleen, ovaries, uterus,
kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, breast, and back muscles. Your low back or
lumbar spine contains nerves that supply: the back muscles, large intestine,
uterus, appendix, bladder, sex organs, legs, knees, ankles, feet.
Spinal problems in any of the areas just mentioned could affect the function
of the region(s) supplied by the corresponding nerves. For example, research
has shown that spinal problems in the lower cervical spine can be related to
chest pains.
References
1. Pikalov AA, Kharin VV. Use of Spinal Manipulative Therapy
in the Treatment of Duodenal-Ulcer - a Pilot-Study. J Manip Physiol Ther
1994;17(5):310-313.
2. Schwartzbauer J, Kolber J, Schwartzbauer M, Hart J, Zhang J. Athletic
performance and physiological measures in baseball players following upper
cervical chiropractic care: a pilot study. Journal of Vertebral Subluxation
Research 1997;1(4):1-7.
3. Bronfort G, Evans RL, Kubic P, Filkin P. Chronic pediatric asthma and
chiropractic spinal manipulation: A prospective clinical series and
randomized clinical pilot study. J Manip Physiol Ther 2001;24(6):369-377.
4. Balon J, Aker PD, Crowther ER, Danielson C, Cox PG, O'Shaughnessy D, et
al. A comparison of active and simulated chiropractic manipulation as
adjunctive treatment for childhood asthma. N Engl J Med
1998;339(15):1013-1020.
5. Nielsen NH, Bronfort G, Bendix T, Madsen F, Weeke B. Chronic Asthma and
Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation - a Randomized Clinical-Trial. Clin Exp
Allergy 1995;25(1):80-88.
6. Kessinger R. Changes in pulmonary function associated with upper cervical
specific chiropractic care. Journal of Vertebral Subluxation Research
1997;1(3):1-7.
7. Brennan PC, Kokjohn K, Kaltinger CJ, Lohr GE, Glendening C, Hondras MA,
et al. Enhanced Phagocytic Cell Respiratory Burst Induced by Spinal
Manipulation - Potential Role of Substance-P. J Manip Physiol Ther
1991;14(7):399-408.
8. Brennan PC, Triano JJ, McGregor M, Kokjohn K, Hondras MA, Brennan DC.
Enhanced Neutrophil Respiratory Burst as a Biological Marker for
Manipulation Forces - Duration of the Effect and Association with
Substance-P and Tumor-Necrosis-Factor. J Manip Physiol Ther
1992;15(2):83-89.
9. Giles LGF, Muller R. Chronic spinal pain - A randomized clinical trial
comparing medication, acupuncture, and spinal manipulation. Spine
2003;28(14):1490-1502.
10. Meade TW, Dyer S, Browne W, Frank AO. Randomized Comparison of
Chiropractic and Hospital Outpatient Management for Low-Back-Pain - Results
from Extended Follow-Up. Br Med J 1995;311(7001):349-351.
11. Manga P. Economic case for the integration of chiropractic services into
the health care system. J Manip Physiol Ther 2000;23(2):118-122.
12. Smith M, Stano M. Costs and recurrences of chiropractic and medical
episodes of low-back care. J Manip Physiol Ther 1997;20(1):5-12.
13. Stano M, Smith M. Chiropractic and medical costs of low back care. Med
Care 1996;34(3):191-204.
14. Takeda Y, Arai S, Touichi H. Long term remission and alleviation of
symptoms in allergy and crohn's disease patients following spinal adjustment
for reduction of vertebral subluxations. Journal of Vertebral Subluxation
Research 2003;4(4):1.
15. Davis C. Chronic pain/dysfunction in whiplash-associated disorders. J
Manip Physiol Ther 2001;24(1):44-51.
16. Khan S, Cook J, Gargan M, Bannister G. A symptomatic classification of
whiplash injury and the implications for treatment. Journal of Orthopaedic
Medicine 1999;21(1):22-25.
17. Woodward MN, Cook JCH, Gargan MF, Bannister GC. Chiropractic treatment
of chronic 'whiplash' injuries. Injury-Int J Care Inj 1996;27(9):643-645.
18. Crawford JP. Chiropractic intervention in the treatment of joint and
soft tissue disorders. Can J Appl Physiol-Rev Can Physiol Appl
1999;24(3):279-289.
19. Jay TC, Jones SL, Coe N, Breen AC. A chiropractic service arrangement
for musculoskeletal complaints in industry: a pilot study. Occup Med-Oxf
1998;48(6):389-395.
20. Wiberg JMM, Nordsteen J, Nilsson N. The short-term effect of spinal
manipulation in the treatment of infantile colic: A randomized controlled
clinical trial with a blinded observer. J Manip Physiol Ther
1999;22(8):517-522.
21. Fallon. The Role of the Chiropractic Adjustment in the Care and
Treatment of 332 Children with Otitis Media. Journal of Clinical
Chiropractic Pediatrics 1997.
22. Bilton D, Stephens D, Gorman F. Tunnel vision information: A paradox of
ethics, economics, politics and science. J Manip Physiol Ther
1998;21(7):468-478.
23. Gorman RF. The Treatment of Presumptive Optic-Nerve Ischemia by Spinal
Manipulation. J Manip Physiol Ther 1995;18(3):172-177.
24. Stephens D, Gorman F, Bilton D. The step phenomenon in the recovery of
vision with spinal manipulation: A report on two 13-year-olds treated
together. J Manip Physiol Ther 1997;20(9):628-633.
25. Stephens D, Pollard H, Bilton D, Thomson P, Gorman F. Bilateral
simultaneous optic nerve dysfunction after pariorbital trauma: Recovery of
vision in association with chiropractic spinal manipulation therapy. J Manip
Physiol Ther 1999;22(9):615-621.
26. Wingfield BR, Gorman RF. Treatment of severe glaucomatous visual field
deficit by chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy: A prospective case
study and discussion. J Manip Physiol Ther 2000;23(6):428-434.
27. Meade TW, Dyer S, Browne W, Townsend J, Frank AO. Low-Back-Pain of
Mechanical Origin - Randomized Comparison of Chiropractic and Hospital
Outpatient Treatment. Br Med J 1990;300(6737):1431-1437.
28. Breen A, Breen R. Back pain and satisfaction with chiropractic
treatment: What role does the physical outcome play? Clin J Pain
2003;19(4):263-268.
29. Harvey E, Burton AK, Moffett JK, Breen A. Spinal manipulation for
low-back pain: a treatment package agreed by the UK chiropractic, osteopathy
and physiotherapy professional associations. Man Ther 2003;8(1):46-51.
30. Hayden JA, Mior SA, Verhoef MJ. Evaluation of chiropractic management of
pediatric patients with low back pain: A prospective cohort study. J Manip
Physiol Ther 2003;26(1):1-8.
31. Hurwitz EL, Morgenstern H, Harber P, Kominski GF, Belin TR, Yu F, et al.
A randomized trial of medical care with and without physical therapy and
chiropractic care with and without physical modalities for patients with low
back pain: 6-month follow-up outcomes from the UCLA low back pain study.
Spine 2002;27(20):2193-2204.
32. Hsieh CYJ, Adams AH, Tobis J, Hong CZ, Danielson C, Platt K, et al.
Effectiveness of four conservative treatments for subacute low back pain - A
randomized clinical trial. Spine 2002;27(11):1142-1148.
33. Dishman JD, Cunningham BM, Burke J. Comparison of tibial nerve H-reflex
excitability after cervical and lumbar spine manipulation. J Manip Physiol
Ther 2002;25(5):318-325.
34. McMorland G, Suter E. Chiropractic management of mechanical neck and
low-back pain: A retrospective, outcome-based analysis. J Manip Physiol Ther
2000;23(5):307-311.
35. Blokland MP, Bolton JE, Gration J. Chiropractic treatment in workers
with musculoskeletal complaints. JNMS-J Neuromusculosketal Syst
2000;8(1):17-23.
36. Nyiendo J, Haas M, Goodwin P. Patient characteristics, practice
activities, and one-month outcomes for chronic, recurrent low back pain
treated by chiropractors and family medicine physicians: A practice-based
feasibility study. J Manip Physiol Ther 2000;23(4):239-245.
37. Evans R, Bronfort G, Bittell S, Anderson AV. A pilot study for a
randomized clinical trial assessing chiropractic care, medical care, and
self-care education for acute and subacute neck pain patients. J Manip
Physiol Ther 2003;26(7):403-411.
38. Bronfort G, Evans R, Nelson B, Aker PD, Goldsmith CH, Vernon H. A
randomized clinical trial of exercise and spinal manipulation for patients
with chronic neck pain. Spine 2001;26(7):788-797.
39. Jordan A, Bendix T, Nielsen H, Hansen FR, Host D, Winkel A. Intensive
training, physiotherapy, or manipulation for patients with chronic neck pain
- A prospective, single-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Spine
1998;23(3):311-318.
40. Rogers RG. The effects of spinal manipulation on cervical kinesthesia in
patients with chronic neck pain: A pilot study. J Manip Physiol Ther
1997;20(2):80-85.
41. Hurwitz EL, Aker PD, Adams AH, Meeker WC, Shekelle PG. Manipulation and
mobilization of the cervical spine - A systematic review of the literature.
Spine 1996;21(15):1746-1759.
42. Tuchin PJ, Pollard H, Bonello R. A randomized controlled trial of
chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy for migraine. J Manip Physiol Ther
2000;23(2):91-95.
43. Nelson CF, Bronfort G, Evans R, Boline P, Goldsmith C, Anderson AV. The
efficacy of spinal manipulation, amitriptyline and the combination of both
therapies for the prophylaxis of migraine headache. J Manip Physiol Ther
1998;21(8):511-519.
44. Vernon HT. The effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation in the
treatment of headache: An exploration in the literature. J Manip Physiol
Ther 1995;18(9):611-617.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|